IAEA Nuclear Security Series (핵안보시리즈)의 문서들은 핵물질, 기타 방사성 물질, 관련 시설 및 관련 활동을 대상으로 하거나 이와 연관된 범죄 또는 의도적인 불법 행위(criminal or intentional unauthorized acts)의 예방, 탐지 및 대응에 관한 핵안보 현안들을 다룬다.
이 간행물들은 국제 핵안보 규범들과 일관성을 유지하며 이를 보완한다.
이번에는 SSS에 이어 NSS의 발간물이 실제로 어떻게 구성되어있는지, 현황을 알아보자.
SSS의 근원이 Safety Fundamental이라면, NSS에는 Security Fundamental이 있다.
NSS의 Security Fundamental (SF)문서는 다음의 문서이다.
2013년에 발간된 IAEA NSS No.20 (Objective and Essential Elements of a State’s Nuclear Security Regime)은 IAEA 핵안보시리즈(NSS)의 헌법같은 최상위 문서이다.
IAEA 핵안보시리즈는
[Security Fundamentals (SF)-Recommendations - Implementing Guides-Technical Guidance] 으로 구성된다.
1. Nuclear Security Fundamentals
핵안보원칙(Nuclear Security Fundamentals)는 국가 핵안보 체제의 목표와 이를 달성하기 위한 필수 요소(Essential elements)를 규정한다. 이는 핵안보 권고(Recommendations)를 수립하는 기초가 된다.
2. Nuclear Security Recommendations
핵안보 권고(Nuclear Security Recommendations)는 핵안보 기본 원칙과 일관성을 유지하면서, 효과적인 국가 핵안보 체제를 구축하고 유지하기 위해 국가가 취해야 할 조치(‘권고 요건’)를 제시한다.
3. Implementing Guides
이행지침(Implementing Guides) 핵안보 권고에서 제시된 조치들을 국가가 어떻게 이행할 수 있는지에 대한 방안을 제공한다. 따라서 핵안보의 광범위한 영역과 관련된 권고사항을 충족하는 방법(How-to)에 중점을 둔다.
4. Technical Guides
기술 지침(Technical Guides)은 이행 지침을 보완하기 위해 특정 기술적 주제에 대한 정보와 상세한 가이드를 제공한다. 필요한 조치를 이행하는 데 필요한 구체적이고 기술적인 세부 사항에 집중한다.
우선 위계에 따른 문서현황은 아래와 같다.
■Security Fundamentals (SF)
| 분류 | 고유번호 | 명칭 | 현행 Ed. |
| SF | NSS No. 20 | Objective and Essential Elements of a State’s Nuclear Security Regime | 2013 |
■ Nuclear Security Recommendations (NSR)
| 분류 | 고유번호 | 명칭 | 현행 Ed. |
| NSR | NSS No. 13 | Nuclear Security Recommendations on Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities (INFCIRC/225/Rev. 5) | (Rev.5) 2011 |
| NSR | NSS No. 14 | Nuclear Security Recommendations on Radioactive Material and Associated Facilities | 2011 |
| NSR | NSS No. 15 | Nuclear Security Recommendations on Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2011 |
■ Implementing Guides (IG)
| 분류 | 고유번호 | 명칭 | 현행 Ed. |
| IG | NSS No. 2-G (Rev. 1) |
Nuclear Forensics in Support of Investigations | (Rev.1) 2015 |
| IG | NSS No. 7 | Nuclear Security Culture | 2008 |
| IG | NSS No. 8-G (Rev. 1) |
Preventive and Protective Measures Against Insider Threats | (Rev.1) 2020 |
| IG | NSS No. 9-G (Rev. 1) |
Security of Radioactive Material in Transport | (Rev.1) 2020 |
| IG | NSS No. 10-G (Rev. 1) |
National Nuclear Security Threat Assessment, Design Basis Threats and Representative Threat Statements | (Rev.1) 2021 |
| IG | NSS No. 11-G (Rev. 1) |
Security of Radioactive Material in Use and Storage and of Associated Facilities | (Rev.1) 2019 |
| IG | NSS No. 18 | Nuclear Security Systems and Measures for Major Public Events | 2012 |
| IG | NSS No. 19 | Establishing the Nuclear Security Infrastructure for a Nuclear Power Programme | 2013 |
| IG | NSS No. 21 | Nuclear Security Systems and Measures for the Detection of Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2013 |
| IG | NSS No. 22-G | Radiological Crime Scene Management | 2014 |
| IG | NSS No. 23-G | Security of Nuclear Information | 2015 |
| IG | NSS No. 24-G | Risk Informed Approach for Nuclear Security Measures for Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2015 |
| IG | NSS No. 25-G | Use of Nuclear Material Accounting and Control for Nuclear Security Purposes at Facilities | 2015 |
| IG | NSS No. 26-G | Security of Nuclear Material in Transport | 2015 |
| IG | NSS No. 27-G | Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities (Implementation of INFCIRC/225/Revision 5) | 2018 |
| IG | NSS No. 29-G | Developing Regulations and Associated Administrative Measures for Nuclear Security | 2018 |
| IG | NSS No. 30-G | Sustaining a Nuclear Security Regime | 2018 |
| IG | NSS No. 31-G | Building Capacity for Nuclear Security | 2018 |
| IG | NSS No. 35-G | Security during the Lifetime of a Nuclear Facility | 2019 |
| IG | NSS No. 36-G | Preventive Measures for Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2019 |
| IG | NSS No. 37-G | Developing a National Framework for Managing the Response to Nuclear Security Events | 2019 |
| IG | NSS No. 42-G | Computer Security for Nuclear Security | 2021 |
■ Technical Guides (TG)
| 분류 | 고유번호 | 명칭 | 현행 Ed. |
| TG | NSS No. 1 | Technical and Functional Specifications for Border Monitoring Equipment | 2006 |
| TG | NSS No. 3 | Monitoring for Radioactive Material in International Mail Transported by Public Postal Operators | 2006 |
| TG | NSS No. 5 | Identification of Radioactive Sources and Devices | 2007 |
| TG | NSS No. 6 | Combating Illicit Trafficking in Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material | 2007 |
| TG | NSS No. 12-T (Rev. 1) |
Model Academic Curriculum in Nuclear Security | (Rev.1) 2021 |
| TG | NSS No. 17-T (Rev. 1) |
Computer Security Techniques for Nuclear Facilities | (Rev.1) 2021 |
| TG | NSS No. 28-T | Self-assessment of Nuclear Security Culture in Facilities and Activities | 2017 |
| TG | NSS No. 32-T | Establishing a System for Control of Nuclear Material for Nuclear Security Purposes at a Facility during Use, Storage and Movement | 2019 |
| TG | NSS No. 33-T | Computer Security of Instrumentation and Control Systems at Nuclear Facilities | 2018 |
| TG | NSS No. 34-T | Planning and Organizing Nuclear Security Systems and Measures for Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2019 |
| TG | NSS No. 38-T | Enhancing Nuclear Security Culture in Organizations Associated with Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material | 2021 |
| TG | NSS No. 39-T | Developing a Nuclear Security Contingency Plan for Nuclear Facilities | 2019 |
| TG | NSS No. 40-T | Handbook on the Design of Physical Protection Systems for Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities | 2021 |
| TG | NSS No. 41-T | Preparation, Conduct and Evaluation of Exercises for Detection of and Response to Acts Involving Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2020 |
| TG | NSS No. 43-T | Security Management of Radioactive Material in Use and Storage and of Associated Facilities | 2022 |
| TG | NSS No. 44-T | Detection at State Borders of Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2023 |
| TG | NSS No. 45-T | Regulatory Authorization and Related Inspection for Nuclear Security During the Lifetime of a Nuclear Facility | 2024 |
| TG | NSS No. 46-T | Security of Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material in Transport | 2024 |
| TG | NSS No. 47-T | Detection in a State’s Interior of Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2024 |
| TG | NSS No. 48-T | Identification and Categorization of Sabotage Targets, and Identification of Vital Areas at Nuclear Facilities | 2024 |
| TG | NSS No. 49-T | Evaluation of Physical Protection Systems at Nuclear Facilities | 2025 |
| TG | NSS No. 50-T | Expert Support in the Assessment of Alarms and Alerts for Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2025 |
| TG | NSS No. 51-T | Establishment and Implementation of a Trustworthiness Programme for Nuclear Security | 2026 |
IAEA에서는 NSS를 분야별로 나눠서 범주를 제공해주고 있다.
- Nuclear Security Fundamentals
- Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities
- Radioactive Material and Associated Facilities
- Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control
- Cross-cutting guidance
■ Nuclear Security Fundamentals
| 분류 | 고유번호 | 명칭 | 현행 Ed. |
| SF | NSS No. 20 | Objective and Essential Elements of a State’s Nuclear Security Regime | 2013 |
■ Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities
| 분류 | 고유번호 | 명칭 | 현행 Ed. |
| NSR | NSS No. 13 | Nuclear Security Recommendations on Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities (INFCIRC/225/Rev. 5) | (Rev.5) 2011 |
| IG | NSS No. 25-G | Use of Nuclear Material Accounting and Control for Nuclear Security Purposes at Facilities | 2015 |
| IG | NSS No. 26-G | Security of Nuclear Material in Transport | 2015 |
| IG | NSS No. 27-G | Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities (Implementation of INFCIRC/225/Revision 5) | 2018 |
| IG | NSS No. 32-T | Establishing a System for Control of Nuclear Material for Nuclear Security Purposes at a Facility during Use, Storage and Movement | 2019 |
| IG | NSS No. 35-G | Security during the Lifetime of a Nuclear Facility | 2019 |
| TG | NSS No. 39-T | Developing a Nuclear Security Contingency Plan for Nuclear Facilities | 2019 |
| TG | NSS No. 40-T | Handbook on the Design of Physical Protection Systems for Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities | 2021 |
| TG | NSS No. 45-T | Regulatory Authorization and Related Inspection for Nuclear Security During the Lifetime of a Nuclear Facility | 2024 |
| TG | NSS No. 48-T | Identification and Categorization of Sabotage Targets, and Identification of Vital Areas at Nuclear Facilities | 2024 |
| TG | NSS No. 49-T | Evaluation of Physical Protection Systems at Nuclear Facilities | 2025 |
■ Radioactive Material and Associated Facilities
| 분류 | 고유번호 | 명칭 | 현행 Ed. |
| NSR | NSS No. 14 | Nuclear Security Recommendations on Radioactive Material and Associated Facilities | 2011 |
| IG | NSS No. 9-G (Rev. 1) |
Security of Radioactive Material in Transport | (Rev.1) 2020 |
| IG | NSS No. 11-G (Rev. 1) |
Security of Radioactive Material in Use and Storage and of Associated Facilities | (Rev.1) 2019 |
| TG | NSS No. 43-T | Security Management of Radioactive Material in Use and Storage and of Associated Facilities | 2022 |
■ Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control
| 분류 | 고유번호 | 명칭 | 현행 Ed. |
| NSR | NSS No. 15 | Nuclear Security Recommendations on Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2011 |
| IG | NSS No. 18 | Nuclear Security Systems and Measures for Major Public Events | 2012 |
| IG | NSS No. 21 | Nuclear Security Systems and Measures for the Detection of Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2013 |
| IG | NSS No. 22-G | Radiological Crime Scene Management | 2014 |
| IG | NSS No. 24-G | Risk Informed Approach for Nuclear Security Measures for Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2015 |
| IG | NSS No. 2-G (Rev. 1) |
Nuclear Forensics in Support of Investigations | (Rev.1) 2015 |
| IG | NSS No. 36-G | Preventive Measures for Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2019 |
| IG | NSS No. 37-G | Developing a National Framework for Managing the Response to Nuclear Security Events | 2019 |
| TG | NSS No. 1 | Technical and Functional Specifications for Border Monitoring Equipment | 2006 |
| TG | NSS No. 3 | Monitoring for Radioactive Material in International Mail Transported by Public Postal Operators | 2006 |
| TG | NSS No. 5 | Identification of Radioactive Sources and Devices | 2007 |
| TG | NSS No. 6 | Combating Illicit Trafficking in Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material | 2007 |
| TG | NSS No. 34-T | Planning and Organizing Nuclear Security Systems and Measures for Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2019 |
| TG | NSS No. 41-T | Preparation, Conduct and Evaluation of Exercises for Detection of and Response to Acts Involving Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2020 |
| TG | NSS No. 44-T | Detection at State Borders of Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2023 |
| TG | NSS No. 47-T | Detection in a State’s Interior of Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2024 |
| TG | NSS No. 50-T | Expert Support in the Assessment of Alarms and Alerts for Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control | 2025 |
■ Cross-cutting guidance
| 분류 | 고유번호 | 명칭 | 현행 Ed. |
| IG | NSS No. 7 | Nuclear Security Culture | 2008 |
| IG | NSS No. 8-G (Rev. 1) |
Preventive and Protective Measures Against Insider Threats | (Rev.1) 2020 |
| IG | NSS No. 10-G (Rev. 1) |
National Nuclear Security Threat Assessment, Design Basis Threats and Representative Threat Statements | (Rev.1) 2021 |
| IG | NSS No. 19 | Establishing the Nuclear Security Infrastructure for a Nuclear Power Programme | 2013 |
| IG | NSS No. 23-G | Security of Nuclear Information | 2015 |
| IG | NSS No. 29-G | Developing Regulations and Associated Administrative Measures for Nuclear Security | 2018 |
| IG | NSS No. 30-G | Sustaining a Nuclear Security Regime | 2018 |
| IG | NSS No. 31-G | Building Capacity for Nuclear Security | 2018 |
| IG | NSS No. 42-G | Computer Security for Nuclear Security | 2021 |
| TG | NSS No. 12-T (Rev. 1) |
Model Academic Curriculum in Nuclear Security | (Rev.1) 2021 |
| TG | NSS No. 17-T (Rev. 1) |
Computer Security Techniques for Nuclear Facilities | (Rev.1) 2021 |
| TG | NSS No. 28-T | Self-assessment of Nuclear Security Culture in Facilities and Activities | 2017 |
| TG | NSS No. 33-T | Computer Security of Instrumentation and Control Systems at Nuclear Facilities | 2018 |
| TG | NSS No. 38-T | Enhancing Nuclear Security Culture in Organizations Associated with Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material | 2021 |
| TG | NSS No. 46-T | Security of Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material in Transport | 2024 |
| TG | NSS No. 51-T | Establishment and Implementation of a Trustworthiness Programme for Nuclear Security | 2026 |
이글은 하기 IAEA의 공식 파일을 기준으로 정리하였다.
2026년 2월 11월자로 IAEA 홈페이지에 올라온 SSS 및 NSS 현황을 기준으로 NSS 목록을 정리해보았다.
이제는 실무 활용을 위해 IAEA 홈페이지에서 어떻게 간행물들을 확인하고 열람/다운로드 하는지 적어보도록 하겠다!
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